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RCR新文：了解電器電子產(chǎn)品回收服務(wù)的偏好——基于選擇的聯(lián)合分析

原文鏈接：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344920302172

1.文章導(dǎo)讀

為了最大限度地提高資源利用效率，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)使用了一系列回收方案。只有存在逆向分銷(xiāo)渠道的情況下，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)最具價(jià)值的回收，即需要把二手產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行回收再利用。回收服務(wù)的選擇是消費(fèi)者處置行為的最后一步。目前一些研究分析了消費(fèi)者對(duì)產(chǎn)品處置的偏好，但大部分集中于城市生活垃圾或一次性用品，而關(guān)于電器電子產(chǎn)品（EEE）的研究比較少。

為了改進(jìn)回收系統(tǒng)、設(shè)計(jì)消費(fèi)者友好型服務(wù)以提高EEE的回收率，需要更好地了解消費(fèi)者對(duì)回收服務(wù)的偏好。基于此需求，本研究主要解決了以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：(1)消費(fèi)者偏好哪些回收服務(wù)屬性；(2)產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型是否對(duì)偏好有影響；(3)人群中是否存在顯著差異。該研究考慮了家庭產(chǎn)生的三種EEE:手機(jī)、咖啡機(jī)和洗衣機(jī)，并對(duì)每一種選定的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了基于選擇的聯(lián)合分析。

把經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檠h(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)可以減少對(duì)原材料的依賴(lài)。循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)要求二手產(chǎn)品通過(guò)逆向流通渠道進(jìn)行回收和供應(yīng)。 EEE是一個(gè)存在問(wèn)題較多且回收不足的廢物流。本文的目的是了解消費(fèi)者對(duì)EEE回收服務(wù)的偏好。本文以手機(jī)、咖啡機(jī)和洗衣機(jī)為例，通過(guò)一項(xiàng)基于選擇的聯(lián)合分析，評(píng)估了布魯塞爾消費(fèi)者的偏好。研究結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了消費(fèi)者偏好受價(jià)格驅(qū)動(dòng)的本質(zhì)。消費(fèi)者不愿意選擇焚燒，但對(duì)于再利用并沒(méi)有明顯偏好，甚至對(duì)于手機(jī)來(lái)說(shuō)，他們更傾向于回收。這些結(jié)果也凸顯了產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型之間的巨大差異，尤其是服務(wù)類(lèi)型:消費(fèi)者對(duì)家用洗衣機(jī)回收的付費(fèi)意愿較高，但對(duì)手機(jī)沒(méi)有偏好。收入、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、職業(yè)以及儲(chǔ)物間的可用性都會(huì)對(duì)幾種回收服務(wù)偏好產(chǎn)生影響。但這些影響很小，并不涉及回收過(guò)程的偏好、回收者的身份、回收服務(wù)的價(jià)格以及預(yù)約條件。本研究的結(jié)果呼吁需要基于消費(fèi)者的偏好來(lái)重新設(shè)計(jì)EEE分類(lèi)和改進(jìn)回收服務(wù)。

3.原文信息

Changing our economic system into a Circular Economy can reduce our dependence on primary materials. Circular Economy requires used products to be collected and supplied through reverse distribution channels. Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) is a problematic and under-collected stream. The aim of the present paper is to understand the preference of consumers for EEE collection services. Focusing on mobile phones, coffee machines and washing machines as examples, we assessed the stated preferences of Brussels’ consumers using a Choice-Based Conjoint analysis. The results obtained underline the price-driven nature of consumers’ preferences. Consumers also have a high reluctance for incineration but no significant preference for reusing over recycling, and even a preference for recycling in the case of mobile phones. These results also highlight the large differences among product types, especially for the type of service: consumers have a high willingness to pay for home collection of washing machines but have no preference for mobile phones. Income, household structure, professional occupation and availability of a storage room impact the preferences for several collection services’ attributes. These impacts are small and do not concern preferences for recovery processes, identity of the collector, price of collection services and appointment requirements. The results of this study call for a redesign of EEE classifications and for a refinement of collection services to incorporate consumers’ preferences.